تاریخچه نظریه سوال-پاسخ

HISTORY OF ITEM RESPONSE THEORY (up to 1982)
 

Year	Person	Event
1916	Binet & Simon	Plot performance levels against an independent variables and use the plots in test development
1936	Richardson	Derived relationship between IRT model parameters and classical item parameters, which provided an initial way for obtaining IRT parameter estimates
1943,44	Lawley	New procedures for parameter estimation
1952	Lord	Described 2-P normal ogive model, derived model parameter estimates, and considered applications of the model
1957,58	Birnbaum	Substituted the more tractable logistic models for the normal ogive model
1960	Rasch	Developed 3 item response models and described them in his book Probabilistic Models For Some Intelligence And Attainment Test
1967	Wright	The leader and catalyst for most of the Rasch model research in the US throughout 1970s. His presentation at the ETS Invitational Conference on Testing problems served as a major stimulus for work in IRT, especially with the Rasch model. Later, his highly successful AERA Rasch model training programs contributed substantially to the understanding of the Rasch model by many researchers.
1968	Lord & Novick	Provided 5 chapters (4 of them were prepared by Birnbaum).
1969	Wright & Panchapakesan	Developed BICAL which was of immense importance because it facilitated applications of the Rasch model
1969	Samejima	Her model handled both polychotomous and continuous responses data and extended unidimensional models to the multidimensional case
1972	Bock	Contributed several important new ideas about parameter estimation
1974	Lord	LOGIST - new parameter estimation
1974	Fischer	Described his extensive research program with linear logistic models
1976	Lord	Made available LOGIST, a computer program for carrying out parameter estimation with logistic test model
1977	Baker	Comprehensively reviewed parameter estimation methods
1977		Journal of Educational Measurement - Special issue of IRT applications
1979	Wright & Stone	Best Test Design - described the theory underlying the Rasch model, and many promising applications
1980	Lord	Applications to Item Response Theory to Practical testing Problems - 3P IRT model
1980	Weiss	Proceedings of the 1979 Computerized Adaptive Testing Conference
1982	Lord	(at ETS) 2ed LOGIST
Summary based on Hambleton & Swaminathan (1985)